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Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein Electrophoresis,THEODORE X. O'CONNELL,TIMOTHY J. HORITA,BARSAM KASRAVI

Understanding and Interpreting Serum Protein Electrophoresis   (Citations: 9)
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Serum protein electrophoresis is used to identify patients with multiple myeloma and other serum protein disorders. Electrophoresis separates proteins based on their physical proper- ties, and the subsets of these proteins are used in interpreting the results. Plasma protein levels display reasonably predictable changes in response to acute inflammation, malignancy, trauma, necrosis, infarction, burns, and chemical injury. A homogeneous spike-like peak in a focal region of the gamma-globulin zone indicates a monoclonal gammopathy. Monoclonal gammopathies are associated with a clonal process that is malignant or potentially malignant, including mul- tiple myeloma, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, solitary plasmacytoma, smoldering multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasma cell leukemia, heavy chain disease, and amyloidosis. The quantity of M protein, the results of bone marrow biopsy, and other characteristics can help differentiate multiple myeloma from the other causes of monoclonal gammopathy. In contrast, polyclonal gammopathies may be caused by any reac- tive or inflammatory process. (Am Fam Physician 2005;71:105-12. Copyright© 2005 American Academy of Family Physicians.)
Published in 2005.
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