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Keywords
(9)
Computational Efficiency
Dimension Reduction
Real-time Visualization
Video Retrieval
Bag of Words
K Means
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Random Forest
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Real-Time Visual Concept Classification
Real-Time Visual Concept Classification,10.1109/TMM.2010.2052027,IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,Jasper R. R. Uijlings,Arnold W. M. Smeulders,Remko J.
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Real-Time Visual Concept Classification
(
Citations: 2
)
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Jasper R. R. Uijlings
,
Arnold W. M. Smeulders
,
Remko J. H. Scha
As datasets grow increasingly large in content-based image and video retrieval,
computational efficiency
of concept classification is important. This paper reviews techniques to accelerate concept classification, where we show the trade-off between
computational efficiency
and accuracy. As a basis, we use the Bag-of-Words algorithm that in the 2008 benchmarks of TRECVID and PASCAL lead to the best performance scores. We divide the evaluation in three steps: 1) Descriptor Extraction, where we evaluate SIFT, SURF, DAISY, and Semantic Textons. 2) Visual Word Assignment, where we compare a k-means visual vocabulary with a
Random Forest
and evaluate subsampling,
dimension reduction
with PCA, and division strategies of the Spatial Pyramid. 3) Classification, where we evaluate the χ2, RBF, and Fast Histogram Intersection kernel for the SVM. Apart from the evaluation, we accelerate the calculation of densely sampled SIFT and SURF, accelerate
nearest neighbor
assignment, and improve accuracy of the Histogram Intersection kernel. We conclude by discussing whether further acceleration of the Bag-of-Words pipeline is possible. Our results lead to a 7-fold speed increase without accuracy loss, and a 70-fold speed increase with 3% accuracy loss. The latter system does classification in real-time, which opens up new applications for automatic concept classification. For example, this system permits five standard desktop PCs to automatically tag for 20 classes all images that are currently uploaded to Flickr.
Journal:
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia - TMM
, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 665-681, 2010
DOI:
10.1109/TMM.2010.2052027
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Citation Context
(2)
...Bag-of-Visual-Features(BoVF) has become a popular method for object recognition and visual categorization for its effectiveness and flexibility[
1
], [2], showing robustness to occlusion and also to several kinds of variations that normally curse object detection methods, such as those derived from lighting conditions, scale, shape and rotations...
...A typical high-level semantic BoVW image classification model which forms the basis of several state-of-the-art image/video retrieval systems [
1
], [2] is given in figure 1. The model includes three steps: 1) Feature extraction using SURF (4 × 4) algorithm which contains robust color information and global content extraction of local features [1] [6] [10] [11] Color space that has invariant characteristic to illumination especially ...
...A typical high-level semantic BoVW image classification model which forms the basis of several state-of-the-art image/video retrieval systems [1], [2] is given in figure 1. The model includes three steps: 1) Feature extraction using SURF (4 × 4) algorithm which contains robust color information and global content extraction of local features [
1
] [6] [10] [11] Color space that has invariant characteristic to illumination especially ...
... high-level semantic dictionary by random forest algorithm[2] to extract the visual primitives for classifying low-level visual vocabulary, and re-classification of mid-level vocabulary, spatial relations and the integration of relevant characteristics of the context [11][12][13] And ventually build a high differentiation in high-level semantic visual dictionary; 3) Classification using 2 kernel χ − SVM classification algorithm [
1
]...
Lintao Lv
,
et al.
Pornographic images detection using High-Level Semantic features
...[1,
2
,3]), but differ in that instances and the feature space are defined in ways that exploit the structure of classroom learning and the nature of the assessment system...
Qifeng Qiao
,
et al.
Classroom Video Assessment and Retrieval via Multiple Instance Learnin...
References
(40)
Concept-Based Video Retrieval
(
Citations: 39
)
Cees G. M. Snoek
,
Marcel Worring
Journal:
Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval - FTIR
, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 215-322, 2009
Visual Categorization with Bags of Keypoints
(
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Gabriella Csurka
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Conference:
European Conference on Computer Vision - ECCV
, 2004
Video Google: A Text Retrieval Approach to Object Matching in Videos
(
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Josef Sivic
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Andrew Zisserman
Conference:
International Conference on Computer Vision - ICCV
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Evaluation campaigns and TRECVid
(
Citations: 239
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Alan F. Smeaton
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Paul Over
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Wessel Kraaij
Conference:
Multimedia Information Retrieval
, pp. 321-330, 2006
The MediaMill TRECVID 2008 Semantic Video Search Engine
(
Citations: 32
)
Cees G. M. Snoek
,
Koen E. A. Van De Sande
,
Ork De Rooij
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Bouke Huurnink
,
Jan Van Gemert
,
J. R. R. Uijlings
,
Jiyin He
,
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http://academic.research.microsoft.com/io.ashx?type=5&id=6062732&selfId1=0&selfId2=0&maxNumber=12&query=
Conference:
TREC Video Retrieval Evaluation - TRECVID
, pp. 1-14, 2008
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Citations
(2)
Pornographic images detection using High-Level Semantic features
Lintao Lv
,
Chengxuan Zhao
,
Hui Lv
,
Jin Shang
,
Yuxiang Yang
,
Jinfeng Wang
Published in 2011.
Classroom Video Assessment and Retrieval via Multiple Instance Learning
Qifeng Qiao
,
Peter A. Beling