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The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles

The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles,10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00250-0,Polymer,J. M Deitzel,J Klein

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The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles   (Citations: 306)
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Electrospinning is a process that produces continuous polymer fibers with diameters in the sub-micron range through the action of an external electric field imposed on a polymer solution or melt. Non-woven textiles composed of electrospun fibers have a large specific surface area and small pore size compared to commercial textiles, making them excellent candidates for use in filtration and membrane applications. While the process of electrospinning has been known for over half a century, current understanding of the process and those parameters, which influence the properties of the fibers produced from it, is very limited. In this work, we have evaluated systematically the effects of two of the most important processing parameters: spinning voltage and solution concentration, on the morphology of the fibers formed. We find that spinning voltage is strongly correlated with the formation of bead defects in the fibers, and that current measurements may be used to signal the onset of the processing voltage at which the bead defect density increases substantially. Solution concentration has been found to most strongly affect fiber size, with fiber diameter increasing with increasing solution concentration according to a power law relationship. In addition, electrospinning from solutions of high concentration has been found to produce a bimodal distribution of fiber sizes, reminiscent of distributions observed in the similar droplet generation process of electrospray. In addition, we find evidence that electrostatic effects influence the macroscale morphology of electrospun textiles, and may result in the formation of heterogeneous or three-dimensional structures.
Journal: Polymer , vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 261-272, 2001
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    • ... 40 , 41 Whether the fiber diameters increase or decrease with the electrical field strength depends on the solvent system in electrospinning...

    Jinyou Lin, et al. Biomimicry via Electrospinning

    • ...These parameters include: (a) solution properties, such as viscosity, elasticity, conductivity and surface tension (Fong, Chun, & Reneker, 1999; Koski, Yim, & Shivkumar, 2004; Son, Youk, Lee, & Park, 2004a, 2004b; Wannatong, Sirivat, & Supaphol,2004); (b) governing variables, such as hydrostatic pressure in the capillary tube, electric potential at the capillary tip, and the gap (distance between the needle tip and the collector); and (c) ambient parameters, such as solution temperature, humidity and air velocity in the electrospinning chamber (Deitzel, Kleinmeyer, Harris, & Tan, 2001; Doshi & Reneker, 1995; Son et al, 2004b; Zhang, Yuan, Wu, Han, & Sheng, 2005)...

    Mohammad Chowdhury, et al. Analysis of the effect of experimental parameters on the morphology of...

    • ...[ 37 , 38 ]

      ...

    T. Mazoochi, et al. Chitosan Nanofibrous Scaffold Fabricated via Electrospinning: The Effe...

    • ...According to the researches [27, 28], at lower strengths of the electric field, the dripping of the solution or instability of the jet are the main culprits in bead formation...
    • ...voltage than that minimally required to obtain bead-free fibers causes bead formation in the fibers [6, 28]...
    • ...This result is attributed to the instability in the initial part of the jet, which correlates with the beaded morphology in the fibers [6, 28]...

    A. Timnak, et al. Fabrication of nano-structured electrospun collagen scaffold intended ...

    • ...It has regained a great deal of attention due to a surge of interest in nanotechnology as continuous ultrafine fibers or fibrous structures of various polymers can be fabricated with diameters in the range from several micrometers down to tens of nanometers [23, 24]...

    Liqin Ge, et al. Effect of Nd:YAG Laser Energy on Multilayer Hollow Nanofiber Target's ...

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