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A comparison of the characteristics of profiles produced with the AMPFlSTR ® SGM Plus™ multiplex system for both standard and low copy number (LCN) STR DNA analysis

A comparison of the characteristics of profiles produced with the AMPFlSTR ® SGM Plus™ multiplex system for both standard and low copy number (LCN) ST

A comparison of the characteristics of profiles produced with the AMPFlSTR ® SGM Plus™ multiplex system for both standard and low copy number (LCN) STR DNA analysis   (Citations: 80)
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DNA STR profiles have been generated from 1ng and low copy number (LCN) templates using 28 and 34 cycles of amplification, respectively. Characteristics which facilitate the interpretation of profiles, such as heterozygous balance, allelic dropout and stutter proportions have been quantified. We demonstrate that a reduction in DNA template coupled with an increase in amplification cycle number produces an increased rate of allelic dropout out which can be correlated to the peak areas of those alleles observed. In addition, the LCN conditions increase the degree of peak area asymmetry observed from heterozygotes and the size range of stutters. Analysis of the data allows us to develop sets of guidelines appropriate for interpreting both single and mixed DNA profiles.
Journal: Forensic Science International - FORENSIC SCI INT , vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 215-223, 2001
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    • ...For example, the most extreme form of peak height imbalance (allelic dropout) is possible even if the paired allele rises above 1,000 RFUs [19] or exhibits an area as high as 9,400 RFUs [14]...

    Jason R. Gilderet al. Magnitude-dependent variation in peak height balance at heterozygous S...

    • ...Corresponding electropherograms generally identified DNA mixture characteristics, but results were not reproducible between duplicate amplifications, because of the occurrence of false alleles and drop-out associated with the analysis of minute amounts of DNA [21]...

    Séverine Vuichardet al. Differential DNA extraction of challenging simulated sexual-assault sa...

    • ...Stochastic amplification also results in allelic dropout, increased het erozygote imbalance, and elevated stutter peaks (7-11,14- 16,19)...
    • ...To reduce the possibility of including spurious alleles in profiles when detected and to facilitate com plex data interpretation, samples should be amplified at least twice and only alleles that repeat assigned to the consensus profile, also termed the composite profile (7- 11,14,16,19)...

    Theresa Caragineet al. Validation of Testing and Interpretation Protocols for Low Template DN...

    • ...In LCN analysis, stutter products are much larger, in the range of 20% when associated with peaks[10,000 RFU in area and 40% when associated peaks are \10,000 RFU [4]...
    • ...Similarly for heterozygosity balance, in a standard DNA profile the two associated alleles are always found to be within 60% of the peak area of each other, whereas in LCN DNA profiles the smaller allele of the heterozygous pair can be observed to measure just 20% of the larger one when peak areas are [10,000 RFU [4]...

    Eleanor A. M. Graham. DNA reviews: low level DNA profiling

    • ...Not withstanding these problems, strategies for dealing with these issues have been described (10,13,16,18) and LCN analysis sits at the forefront of forensic DNA inquiry...
    • ...Heterozygote Peak Height Imbalance—Heterozygote PH imbalance in low template samples can be extreme (13,14,16)...

    Pamela J. Smithet al. Simplified Low-Copy-Number DNA Analysis by Post-PCR Purification

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