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Technologies for Reducing NOx Emissions from Non-Road Diesel Vehicles: An Overview

Technologies for Reducing NOx Emissions from Non-Road Diesel Vehicles: An Overview,Melanie L. Sattler

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Technologies for Reducing NOx Emissions from Non-Road Diesel Vehicles: An Overview  
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Although automobile emissions of most compounds have been reduced by over 90% since the early 1970s, until recently emissions from non-road diesel engines were not controlled in the US. For regions of the country struggling to comply with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone, construction and other heavy-duty non-road diesel vehicles can be a significant source of precursor nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. For the Dallas-Ft. Worth region, for example, diesel construction vehicles generate nearly 9% of all nitrogen oxide emissions. Recognizing this problem, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has mandated reductions in NOx emissions from new non-road diesel engines in a series of steps from 1996 to 2008. However, because the lifetime of a diesel engine can range from 20-30 years, the new EPA standards, although helpful over the long term, will not be enough to help regions comply with the ozone standard in the short term. Retrofits and other innovative technologies, which can be used to reduce NOx emissions from existing engines, will be needed. This paper provides an overview of state-of-the-art technologies for reducing NOx emissions from heavy-duty non-road diesel vehicles, including fuel improvements, engine modifications, and after-treatment technologies. The paper will describe how each technology works, as well as summarize recent test/demonstration results from projects across the country.
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